Kilas Pendidikan Edition 23 presents the endline findings on the profile of literacy and numeracy in Kabupaten Probolinggo. Using the PEMANTIK instrument (PSPK’s Self-Assessment Tool for Numeracy and Literacy), PSPK conducted this study as part of the Kolaborasi Literasi Bermakna (KLB), one of INOVASI’s partners in East Java.

INOVASI (Innovation for Indonesia’s School Children) is an education partnership program between the Governments of Indonesia and Australia aimed at identifying and understanding effective ways to improve primary school students’ learning outcomes—particularly in literacy, numeracy, and inclusive education. Working in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Culture, INOVASI partnered with 17 districts across the provinces of West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, North Kalimantan, and East Java. The program ran from 2016 to 2019 and was managed by Palladium on behalf of the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT). Since July 2018, INOVASI has collaborated with various education organizations in Indonesia to support its mission of improving primary school learning outcomes.

PEMANTIK was administered twice: at the beginning of the program (March) and at the end of the program (October). Similar to the baseline findings, the endline results show that most students are able to comprehend short texts and perform subtraction without borrowing. These outcomes are largely influenced by grade level, with students in higher grades demonstrating stronger literacy and numeracy skills.

Another important finding highlights the role of parents and teachers in students’ learning processes. A higher proportion of students with strong test results came from families with relatively higher socioeconomic status (SES). In addition, students whose teachers were actively involved in disseminating good practices also demonstrated better test outcomes. A more detailed explanation of these findings is provided in the following sections.

Overall, this study is framed around three main analytical perspectives:

• What is the profile of the student respondents?
• What are their basic literacy and numeracy achievement levels?
• Which factors help explain differences in student outcomes?

The findings offer valuable insights for key stakeholders—including parents, teachers, and local governments. They underscore the importance of specific strategies proven effective in improving student learning outcomes. The study concludes that both school-related and out-of-school factors contribute significantly to enhancing students’ literacy and numeracy skills.